Physics Geometrical Optics MCQs

Physics Geometrical Optics MCQs

1. When you stand in water up to your knees, your feet appear:

a) Closer than usual

b) Further away than usual

c) At the same location as usual 

d) To answer this you must known your height and the depth of water


2. When light passes from air to glass, it:

a) Bends towards the normal without changing speed

b) Bends towards the normal and slows down

c) Bends towards the normal and speeds up

d) Bends away from the normal and slows down


3. The refractive index is:

a) Directly proportional to the wavelength of light

b) Inversely proportional to the wavelength of light

c) Directly proportional to the square of the wavelength of light

d) Inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength of light


4. A red cloth will primarily:

a) Reflect red light b) Refract red light

c) Absorb red light d) Transmit red light


5. When light passed in to rarer medium the speed and wavelength changes, which of the following statements is correct:

a) Speed increases b) Speed decreases

c) Speed increases, wavelength decreases d) Speed and wavelength both increase


6. When light enters from a rarer to a denser medium its:

a) Velocity increases b) Wavelength increases

c) Its velocity remains same d) Its frequency remains same


7. Light from the sun reaches us in nearly:

a) 8 min. b) 16 min.

c) 8 sec. d) 16 sec.


8. A lens that is thicker at the edge than it is in the middle is:

a) Converging lens b) Diverging lens

c) Angular lens d) Plain lens


9. The sign convention for virtual images is:

a) Positive b) Negative

c) Sometimes positive and sometimes negative d) All of the above


10. The angle of incidence for which angle of refraction is 90o, known as:

a) Glancing angle b) Critical angle

c) Angle of prism d) None of these


11. Which of the following is true for refraction, when light passes from one medium to other:

a) It bends away from normal b) It bends towards the normal

c) Either a) or b) d) None these


12. When white light is dispersed by a prism, one can see a series of colours. Which group of colours mentioned below is out of order:

a) Red, Yellow, Green, Blue b) Red, Yellow, Violet, Blue

c) Red, Orange, Green, Blue d) Orange, Green, Blue, Violet


13. “Mirage” is based on the phenomenon of:

a) Reflection b) Diffraction

c) Refraction d) Total internal Reflection


15. The angle of deviation for a prism is least for:

a) Violet b) Red

c) Orange d) Yellow


16. An optical fiber transmits bright light because:

a) The inside of pipe is polished

b) Of multiple reflection independent of reflection laws

c) Total internal reflection take place d) Light behaves as particles inside it

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INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

Introduction to Physics Multiple choice Questions 

Pick the correct answer !

1. Muslim scientists made important discoveries in the period:  a)   600 AD - 1500 AD   b)   1150 AD - 1750 AD        c)   100 AD - 800 AD    d)   500 AD - 1075 AD

2. The Muslim scientist Al-Khawarzami is famous for his work on:  a)   Physics     b)   Algebra        c)   Chemistry     d)   Medicine

3. Fundamental ideas of modern celestial mechanics were established by:  a)   Kepler & Galileo    b)   Newton        c)   Robert Hook     d)   Tycho & Halley

4. The decimal system was invented by: a)   Indians     b)   Greeks  c)   Chinese     d)   Egyptians

6. The SI unit of force is:  a)   Newton     b)   Dyne  c)   Slug      d)   Foot-pound

7. The SI unit of energy is:  a)   Joule     b)   Calorie  c)   Slug      d)   Electron volt

8. In the international system of units, the unit of mass is:  a)   Gram     b)   Kilogram  c)   Milligram     d)   Pound

9. The SI unit of Power is:  a)   Horse power     b)   Joule  c)   Calorie     d)   None of the above

10. The number of fundamental units of measurement in science is:  a)   Four      b)   Five  c)   Three     d)   Seven

11. In the SI system, there are ……. basic units. a)   Three     b)   Five  c)   Seven      d)   Nine

12. The dimensions of velocity are:  a)   [L][T]     b)   [L][T-1]  c)   [L][T-2]     d)   [L2][T-1]

13. The dimensions of work may be expressed as:  a)   [M][L]2[T]-2     b)   [M][L][T]-2  c)   [M][L][T]-1     d)   [M][L]-1[T]-1

14. The maximum possible error in the reading for a meter rod (with a least count of 1 mm) is:  a)    0.1 mm        b)   0.5 cm  c)   0.05 cm     d)   1 mm

15. The branch of science which deals with properties of matter, energy and their relationship is called  _______.  a)   Physics     b)   Chemistry  c)   Mechanics     d)   Magnetism

16. The branch of science, which deals with forces acting on bodies in motion, is called _______.  a)   Chemical Physics    b)   Mechanics  c)   Magnetism     d)   Medical Physics

17. _______ deals with structure of atom and properties of atom.  a)   Atomic Physics    b)   Nuclei Physics  c)   Mechanics     d)   None of these

18. The Islamic era (600-1500 AD) is also known as _______.  a)   Historical era     b)   Muslim period  c)   British era     d)   Greek period

19. Archimedes is also known as the founder of _______ Physics.  a)   Optical     b)   Mathematical  c)   Bio-chemical     d)   Modern

20. Kepler and _______ established the fundamental ideas of celestial mechanics. a)   Newton     b)   Faraday  c)   Galileo     d)   Thales

21. “Candela” is the unit name of quantity _______. a)   Time     b)   Intensity  c)   Mole     d)   Meter

22. The unit name of temperature is _______.  a)   Degree Kelvin    b) Candela  c  Mole   d)   Kilogram

23. “Ampere” is the unit of _______.  a)   Intensity     b)   Electric current  c)   Temperature     d)   Candela

24. The supplementary units are known as _______. a)   Derived units     b)   Small units  c)   Positive units     d)   None of these

25. The length is measured in _______.  a)   Kilometers     b)   Seconds  c)   Gram     d)   Kilogram

26. We can write one kilo = _______.  a)   104      b)   105  c)   103      d)   106

27. We can write one mega = _______.  a)   10-9      b)   1014  c)   1013      d)   106

28. The round figure of 46.55 is: a)   46.6      b)   465.5  c)   455.6     d)   None of these

29. Newton is the unit of _______.  a)   Energy     b)   Electricity  c)   Force     d)   None of these

30. The branch of physics which deals with the properties, and interaction of nuclear particles (protons  and neutrons) is called:  a)   Molecular Physics    b)   Plasma Physics  c)   Nuclear Physics    d)   Solid state Physics

31. The Physics of Islamic era ranges from  a)   3000 BC to 600 AD    b)   600 AD to 1500 AD  c)   1500 AD to 1700 AD    d) 1700 AD to 1750 AD

32. The theory of relativity was introduced (in 1905) by  a)   Planck     b)   Einstein  c)   Maxwell     d)   Rutherford

33. The fundamental Physics quantities which form the basis for the MKS system are  a)   Force, weight and time    b) Mass, length and time  c) Mass, length and force  d) Mass, energy and time

34. Fundamental units in MKS system are  a)   Gram, dyne and second   b)   Kilogram, centimeter and second   c)   Kilogram, Newton and second   d)   Kilogram, meter and second

35. The units which are based on one or more fundamental units are called  a)   Fundamental units    b)   Derived units  c)   Basic units     d)   None of the above

36. Which of the following is not a derived unit  a)   Newton     b)   Meter/sec   c)   Kilogram/meter3    d)   Second

Electrostatics MCQs

Electrostatics MCQs

Pick Right options !


1. The branch of science which deals with study of _______ charges, is called electrostatics:

a) Rest b) Move

c) Simple d) None of these


2. Like charges _______ each other:

a) Attract b) Repel

c) Contract d) None of these


3. Unlike charges _______ each other:

a) Contract b) Directly

c) Attract d) Repel


4. A substance through which an electric current can pass, is called _______:

a) Conductor b) Charge

c) Electric d) None of these


5. The conductor is a substance which contains _______ electrons:

a) Close b) Open

c) Electric d) Free


6. The substance through which an electric current cannot pass, is called _______:

a) Insulator b) Conductor

c) Plastic d) Rubber


7. The insulator is a substance which does not contain _______ electrons:

a) Close b) Open

c) Free d) Pass


8. The force of attraction or repulsion between any two charges is directly proportional to the magnitudes of the charges and _______ proportional to the square of the distance between them:

a) Inversely b) Directly

c) Equal d) Conductor






9. The value of “K” is constant and it depends upon the _______ between the charges:

a) Medium b) Force

c) Direction d) None of these
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How to Write Urdu on English Key words

How to Write Urdu on English Key words

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Physics MCQs

Physics MCQs

1.             The degree of hotness or coldness of an object is expressed in terms of:                 a)   Heat capacity                                                                                b)   Heat                 c)   Temperature                                                                                 d)   Heat energy

2.             Which of the following properties of matter is used in the construction of a thermometer:                 a)   Expansion of matter on heating                          b)   Change of color with temperature                 c)   Increase of resistance with rise of temperature                      d)   All of these

3.             Mercury is used in mercury-in-glass thermometer as a thermometric substance because:                 a)   It does not wet the capillary tube walls                    b)   It is opaque                  c)   Its expansion is uniform over a wide range of temperature                 d)   All of above

4.             Two fixed points used for the temperature scales are:                 a)   The temperature of freezing and boiling mercury                 b)   The temperature of melting ice and boiling water                 c)   The temperature of water at 0oC and 100oC       d)   None of these

5.             In liquid-in-glass thermometer, the thermometric property used is:                 a)   Thermal expansion                                                      b)   Color change on heating                 c)   Resistance change on heating                                    d)   None of these

6.             The lower and upper fixed points on Celsius (centigrade) scale are taken to be:                 a)   0o and 212o                                                                    b)   32o and 273o                         c)   0o and 100o                                                                     d)   None of these

7.             A Celsius (centigrade) degree is greater than a Fahrenheit degree by:                 a)   5/9                                                                                   b)   9/5                 c)   18/5                                                                                 d)   9/10

8.             The Centigrade and Fahrenheit scales have the same reading at:                 a)   40o                                                                                   b)   140o                 c)   -140o                                                                                d)   -40o

9.             The relationship between Celsius and Fahrenheit scales temperature is:                 a)   Fo = 9/5 Co - 32                                                              b)   Fo = 9/5 Co + 32                 c)   Co = 9/5 Fo + 32                                                            d)   None of these

10.          The temperature of a normal human body is 98.6 Fo. This temperature corresponds to:                 a)   20 Co                                                                               b)   30 Co                 c)   37 Co                                                                                d)   66.6 Co

11.          The temperature of normal human body is 37 Co. On Kelvin scale, it is equal to:                 a)   373 Ko                                                                             b)   273 Ko                 c)   310 Ko                                                                             d)   236 Ko

12.          One degree of centigrade scale is equal to:                 a)   1o of Fahrenheit                                                            b)   1.8o of Fahrenheit                         c)   32o of Fahrenheit                                                          d)   3o of Fahrenheit

13.          10 Co corresponds to:                 a)   273o K                                                                             b)   283o K                c)   263o  K                                                                             d)   100o K

14.          The temperature of absolute zero corresponds to:                 a)   -273 Co                                                                            b)   273 Co                  c)   0 Co                                                                                  d)   20 Co

15.          What temperature on Fahrenheit scale corresponds to absolute zero?                 a)   212o F                                                                              b)   32o F                 c)   -32o F                                                                               d)   -460o F

16.          One Calorie is equal to:                 a)   41.8 J                                                                               b)   4.18 J                c)   18.4 J                                                                               d)   4.35 J

17.          SI unit of heat energy is:                 a)   Calorie                                                                            b)   B.T.U.                 c)   Joule                                                                            d)   Kilo-Calorie

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General Pediatric MCQs

General Pediatric MCQs

1 - This is a 7/12 old girl presented with fever for 12 hrs duration. The patient started to have the shown abnormalities since 3 hrs, which increase in number & size rapidly. Lumber Puncture done & the analysis result as following: WBC 108, sugar 20 mmol/l & the protein is 180mg. The followings are correct options in the management of this case, except:
a) The child should be Isolated soon
b) I.V fluid should be started soon
c) I.V Antibiotic should be sterted soon
d) Manitol 20% solytion should be started soon
e) Dexamethason should be started soon

2- This is a 3/12 old girl & her radiological study, presented with the shown abnormalities. Her clinical examination reveals a mass in the lower abdomen extended to the pelvis, making the lower border of that mass undefined. The most likely diagnosis is:
a) Urinary bladder neck obstruction
b) Intussuscption
c) Hydrometrocolpos
d) Hydroureter
e) Ovation cysts

3 - This is a radiological study of a 3 - days old boy who presented due to abdominal distension.
The followings are true regarding the most likely radiological diagnosis, except;
a) All patient with this problem should have a suction biopsy
performed to exclude aganglionosis
b) Cystic fibrosis should be consider as an associated disease
c) This radiological procedure can be diagnostic & therapeutic
d) It is associated with maternal hypothyroidism
e) It is associated with maternal Diabetes

4-The is a bone marrow study of an 8 – years old girl who presented with fever & loss of weight since 2/12. Clinical examination reveals pallor, hepatosplenomegaly & lyphadenopathy. The least likely abnormality to be found in her investigation is:
a – Leukocytosis
b – Hyperglobulinemia
c – Thrombcytopenia
d – Elevated hepatic transaminase
e- Non – hemolytic anemia

5- This is a 40/12 old girl presented with the shown abnormality. She was not on any medication.
Apart from the shown abnormality her clinical examination was normal. Her growth pattern was normal for age, sex & mid-parental height. Ultrasound pelvis & abdomen were normal. The relevant initial investigation is:
a- C.T. scan pituitary & hypothalamus
b- Serum 17 - hydroxyprogesterone
c- Serum DHEA
d- Serum prolactin
e- Bone age

6. Disorders associated with the shown abnormalities include all the following except:
a. Bloom syndrome
b. Fanconi Anemia
c. Ataxia telangiectasia
d. Xeroderma pigmentosa
e. Gaucher disease

7– The followings are correct regarding the diagnosis of this infant, Except:
a – Tracheostomy is needed for approximately 1/3rd of these
patients
b - Infants of this condition better to nurse them in the
prone position
c – This condition is inherited as autosomal recessive
d – Usually the normal external morphology of the child occur
at the age of 4 – 6 years
e – Infants with this condition are more liable for upper airway
obstruction

8 – The followings are associated with the underlying diagnosis of this condition , except:
a – Usually preceded by a respiratory infection
b – The left lower part of the organ is commonly
c – Most commonly caused by anaerobic organisms
d – Recurrent episodes indicate abnormality in the
development of that organ
e – Sever systemic manifestations are common

9. This is a 3 days old baby presented only with the shown abnormalities. The followings are true regarding the most likely diagnosis of his condition, except :
a) Remission & relapse of the lesions may occur within hours
b) Treatment is not needed
c) Palms & soles are involved
d) May be associated with papular or vesicular.
e) The lesions contain large number of eosinophiles

10. The followings are known to occur with the most likely diagnosis of this boy, except:
a – Vesico-uretric reflux
b – Maternal oligohydramnios
c – Pulmonary hypoplasia
d – Asplenia or polysplenia
e – Renal dysplasia

11.This is a 7-years old boy presented with the shown abnormalities, with low grad fever, weight loss & abdominal pain. The followings are usual finding in this boy, except:-
a- Symmetrical proximal muscles weakness
b- Elevated muscles enzymes
c- Elevated ESR
d- Dyspigmentation & telengictasia over the shoulder girdle
e- Palmer keratosis

12 - THIS GIRL PRESENTED WITH FEVER FOR THE LAST
3/12. SHE MAY HAVE THE FOLLOWING
CLINICAL ABNORMALITIES, EXCEPT:
a - Decrease mucus in the respiratory tract
b – Decrease mucus in the gastrointestinal tract
c – Positive family history of similar condition
d – Conductive deafness
e – Delayed sexual development

13.The followings may occur in association with the shown abnormality, except:-
a- Cataract
b- Coarctation of the aorta
c- Soft tissue calcification
d- Prolonged QT interval on ECG
e- Low serum calcium with elevated phosphate & alkaline phosphate

14- This is the result of bone marrow study of a 2 – years old boy, Presented due to pallor. The most likely diagnosis is:
a- Iron deficiency Anemia
b- Congenital spherocytosis
c- Congenital elleptocytosis
d- Megaloblastic anemia
e- Pyrovate kinase enzyme deficiency

15- This is a 12 hours old baby has the shown abnormalities. The least likely to be associated with this condition is:
a- Ichthyosiform erythroderma .
b- Lamellar Icthiosis
c- Gaucher disease
d- Ectropion
e- Renal malformation

16- This is a 10 years old boy who is mentally retarded & on anticonvulsant therapy.
The least likely clinical abnormality associated with condition is: -
a- Bony lesions under the shown abnormality
b- Psychological disturbances
c- Cortical thickening of long bones
d- Blood vessel abnormality
e- Scoliosis

17. This girl has the shown abnormalities since 2/12. The followings are true regarding the most likely diagnosis, except.
a. Lesions may appear on the conjunctiva
b. It is a self-limited disease
c. Application of liquid nitrogen is the treatment of choice.
d. Alesion-free period of 4 months can be regarded as cure
e. The causative agent is human papillomavirus

18- This is a chest x – ray & enhanced CT-scan chest for an 8 – years old girl who presented with difficulty in breathing. The most likely diagnosis of this condition is:
a- Cystic Adenomatoid malformation of the lung
b- Hydatit cysts
c- Lung abscess
d- Brochogenic cysts
e- Encysted pleural effusion ( b )

19. Ocular changes which may occur in children with this condition include the followings, except :
a - Nystagmus
b- Refractory errors
c- Cataract
d- Strabismus
e- Lens dislocation

20- The treatment of choice for this disease is:
a- Gene therapy
b- Bone marrow transplantation
c- Androgen therapy
d- Recurrent blood transfusion
e- Regular immunoglobulin therapy + prophylactic antibiotic.

21. This is a radiological study for a n 18/12 old boy who presented with abdominal pain & vomiting. This abnormality may complicate the followings, EXCEPT:
a) Adenovirus otitis media
b) Fecolith
c) Horseshoe kidney
d) Henoch-schonlein purpura
e)Intestinal polyp

22-This is a blood film for 2 years old boy, who presented with pallor. The most likely diagnosis is:
a- Hypersplenism
b- Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
c- Hemoglobin C disease
d- Sickle cell disease
e- β - Thalassemia

23- This is a 12 - hours old boy has the shown clinical abnormalities. The least likely to be associated with this condition is:
a- Cutis laxa
b- Trisomy - 18
c- Congenital hypothyroidism
d- Immune deficiency syndrome
e- Short limb dwarfism

24- The shown abnormality indicate presence of a disease. The growth of the causative agent
of this disease is resisted by the followings, except:
a- Presence of hemoglobin-S.
b- Lacking Duffy blood group antigen
c- High level of hemoglobin- F
d- Lacking of Rhesus blood group antigen
e- Ovalocyteoses.

25 - THIS IS A 10 YEARS OLD GIRL PRESENTED WITH SHORT STATURE. THE FOLLOWINGS ARE TRUE REGARDING THE LIKELY DIAGNOSIS, EXCEPT:
a – Children with these features may have subnormal I. Q.
b – Congenital heart disease is a known association
c – Children with these features may have normal number
of chromosomes
d – Children with this condition never achieved normal
adult height
e – In these children, normal sexual maturation usually
occur 2 years later than that in normal children

26. THIS BOY PRESENTED WITH THE SHOWN ABNORMALITIES, FOUND TO HAVE ANEAMIA & THROMBOCYTOPENIA. TREATMENT OF THE UNDERLYING CONDITION INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING, EXCEPT:
a – Surgical excision
b – Recombinant IFN – α
c – Chemotherapy (Vincristine / Cyclophosphamide )
d – Systemic steroid
e – Aminocaproic acid

27. An 8 -year’s old girl presented with recurrent abdominal pain & vomiting. Her x – ray abdomen reveal the shown abnormities. The predisposing factor for this condition is:
a – Wilms tumor
b – Intra – abdominal surgery
c – Sickle cell anemia
d – Recurrent urinary tract infection
e – Cysteinuria

28- This is a bone marrow study for this 3 years old boy. The least likely clinical symptom & sign for the most likely diagnosis is:
a- Ataxia
b- Hypertension
c- Sweating & flushing
d- Pulmonary metastasis
e- Bone metastasis

29- This is a 2 - days old baby presented with the shown abnormalities, delivered at term by cesarean section after uneventful pregnancy. This baby may have any of the followings, except:
a- Decrease number of anterior horn cells in the spinal cord
b- The affected muscles are replaced by fat & fibrous tissue
c- Decrease movement in the intrauterine life
d- Congenital heart disease
e- Typically the lower extremities are more affected than the
upper

30- The followings are predisposing factors for the most likely diagnosis of the shown abnormalities except:
a- Meningitis
b- Post traumatic fracture of the skull with scalp laceration.
c- Otitis media
d- Pseudotumor cerebri
e- Cyanotic congenital heart diseases

31- The most likely predisposing factor for this abnormality is:
a- Superior veva cava syndrome
b- Chronic obstructed sleep apnea syndrome
c- Intestinal lymphangectasia
d- Pneumomediastinum
e- Pulmonary Hypoplasia

32. This is a 3 - years old boy, presented with the shown abnormalities. The most likely diagnosis is:
a- 5 α-reductase deficiency
b- Partial testicular feminization syndrome
c- Complete testicular feminization syndrome
d- 21- hybroxylase deficiency
e- Testicular tumor

33- This is an x- ray of a7 year’s old boy presented with painless limping. There was neither
dysmorphic features nor fever or hepatosplenomegaly & he is not receiving any medication. The followings are true regarding the most likely diagnosis, except:
a- Restriction of Abduction of the hip joint
b- Restriction of internal rotation of the hip joint
c- Better prognosis in older children
d- It is a self limited disease
e- Abduction cast may be needed for 18/12

34-This is an 8 - years old boy presented with the shown abnormalities. The followings are true regarding the most likely diagnosis of this condition, except:
a - It is infrequently associated with localized pain,
hyperesthesia & pruritis
b - Resolution usually occurs within 1 – 2/52
c - Chronic granulomatous disease is a predisposing disease
d) Transverse myelitis is a known complication
e) In this case Acyclovire therapy is indicated

35- This boy may have any of the followings, except:
a – Unilateral convulsion
b – Glucoma
c – Hemangioma in the retina
d - Cardiac abnormality
e – Cerebral calcification

36- THE FOLLOWINGS ARE TRUE REGARDING THIS CONDITION, EXCEPT
a – Usually these children have no clinical features at birth
b – In infancy, most joints are hyper extensible except the
extension is restricted at the elbow
c – In infancy, usually there is thoracolumber gibbous
d –Bowing of legs is a common finding after infancy
e – Children with this condition may develop central apnea

37 - THE MOST LIKELY DIAGNOSIS IS:
a – Turner syndrome
b – Alpert syndrome
c – Progeria
d – Apert syndrome
e – Russell - Silver syndrome ( d )

38 -This is a 6 years old girl. She is deaf & mentally retarded. She has similar lesions on the dorsum of both hands & feet, but there are no lesions at rest of the body. The problem started when she was 2 - years old. The most likely diagnosis is:
a) Urticaria pigmentosa
b) Xeroderma pigmentosa
c) Bloom syndrome
d) Incontinancia pigmenti
e) Acrodermatitis enteropathic

39 – THIS IS A 12 DAYS OLD INFANT, PRESENTED ONLY WITH THE SHOWN ABNORMALITY. THE TREATMENT OF THIS CONDITION IS:
a – Ampicillin & gentamycin therapy
b – Incision & drainage
c – Repeated squeezing to express its content
d – No treatment only follows up
e – Surgical excision of the underlying ovarian cyst

40- These are the radiological evaluation for this 8 – years old boy. The followings are correct regarding the underlying disease of this boy, except:-
a- The cause of this disease is deficiency of lysosomal enzymes
b- Usually the symptoms are not apparent at birth
c- Bone marrow transplantation does not corrects the skeletal &
ocular anomalies
d- Urine examination may be helpful in the diagnosis
e- Hypogonadism is known association

41 - This is a radiological study of a one year old girl presented with intermittent vomiting since birth. The most likely diagnosis is:
a – Hirschsprung disease
b - Intestinal obstruction
c – Gastric malrotation
d – Midgut malrotation
e – Midgut duplication

42 - This is a 4/12 old boy presented with the shown abnormality & constipation. He has this problem since the 1st month of life. He had history of neonatal jaundice. Rectal
examination reveal an empty rectum. This is his radiological evaluation. The following are true regarding the most likely diagnosis, except;
a) This is the most common cause of lower intestinal obstruction in
neonates
b) Usually it affects full term infants & it is very unusual in preterms
c) This disease may affect the small intestine alone without
involvement of the colon
d) Radiological evaluation should be done without preparation
e) Clinical symptoms usually present at birth

43- This is an 11/12 old girl presented with the shown abnormalities since birth. Her mother notice that the lesions appear after minor trauma in form of large vesicles or small bollae. Also these lesions became worse in hot weather. Generally, the following are true regarding the most likely diagnosis, except:
a) The condition may be inherited as an autosomal dominant
b) The condition may be inherited as an autosomal recessive
c) It is due to collagen defect
d) Squamoss cell carcinoma is a known complication
e) The gastrointestinal tract is spared

44 -This a 2/12 old girl presented with the shown abnormality. It was noticed by her parents since birth & it is increasing in size. Her clinical examination doesn't reveal any abnormality except this painless cystic lesion. The followings are true regarding the most likely diagnosis,
except:
a) The treatment of choice is surgical excision because it has very
low risk of recurrence & excellent outcome
b) Intra-lesional sclerosing injection is used on treatment
c) Laser therapy is used in treatment
d) Spontaneous regression it may occur
e) Systemic therapy by interferon injection is used in treatment

45- This is a 10 years old boy presented with recurrent abdominal pain, weight loss, malaise, fever, easy fatigability &diarrhea since the last 4/12. Clinical examination reveals the shown
abnormalities. The following are true regarding the most likely diagnosis, except:
a) The disease way involve the colon alone
b) The disease way involve the small bowel alone
c) The stomach & the esophagus are spared
d) Cancer colon is a known complication
e) Renal stones is a known complication

46- This is a 10 years old boy presented with the shown abnormalities & intermittent abdominal pain. The following are tune regarding the most likely diagnosis, except:
a) Hepatosplenomegaly may present in this patient
b) Parcreatitis is a known complication
c) Testicular torsion is a known complication
d) Pulmonary hemorrhage doesn't occur
e) Serum Ig A & Ig M may be elevated

47 - This is a 2 - years old boy who is developmentally delayed. The following are known association for the most likely diagnosis, except:-
a. Microbrachycephaly
b. Micrognathia
c. Defect in T - Cell function
d. Ptosis
e. Pyloric stenosis

48- The least likely to be associated with the most likely diagnosis of this infant is :
a. Mental retardation
b. Hepatoblastoma
c. Adrenal carcinoma
d. Creases on ear lobs
e. Hyperglycemia

49- This is a 9 - years old girl presented with poor weight & height gain. She has anorexia & occasional vomiting& diarrhea. The following are known to be associated with the most likely diagnosis of this condition, except:
a) Megaloblastic anemia
b) More likely to occur in patients with selective Ig A
deficiency
c) Carpopedal spasm
d) Pancreatic function is normal in all children
e) Isolated idiopathic transaminasia without other hepatic
symptom

50- This is a 5/12 old boy presented with the shown abnormalities & fever. The followings are known complications of this disease,except:
a) Glomeriolonephritis
b) Acute rheumatic fever
c) Osteomyelitis
d) Pneumonia
e) Septicemia

Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist MCQs

Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist MCQs

1) 7 years old boy presented to ER with history of fever, pallor and nose bleeding, 4 weeks
duration.
On examination: febrile, pale,
hepatosplenomegaly
CBC: WBC 50,000
HB 3 g/dL
Platelet 15,000
Blast 80%
The most likely diagnosis is:
a) B cell ALL
b) T cell ALL
c) Pre B ALL
d) Early pre B ALL
e) Neuroblastoma stage IV

2) 5 years old girl known case of B-thalassemia major. The best test to monitor iron
overload is:
a) Serum ferritin
b) Myocardial iron estimation
c) Urinary iron estimation
d) Liver iron concentration (LIC)
e) Plasma non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI)

3) Five years following successful treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the parents
report that the patient, who is now 8 year old, is experiencing serious difficulties with
school performance. Areas of particular concern relate to reading, language and
mathematics. What component of ALL therapy would not be a possible cause of
cognitive dysfunction?
a) IT Methotrexate
b) IT Cytarabine
c) Cranial radiation
d) High dose Cyclophosphamide
e) High dose IV Methotrexate

4) A full-term newborn infant is covered with petechiae. Platelet count is 5,000 per mm3.
The remainder of the CBC is normal. The pregnancy, labor and delivery were
uncomplicated, and the mother’s platelet is 370,000 per mm3. What is the correct
management?
a) Intravenous immunoglobulin
b) Platelet transfusion from a random donor
c) Platelet transfusion from the father
d) Cortocosteroids
e) Observation; no drug therapy necessary

5) 2-year-old boy known case of sickle cell disease admitted with severe pallor.
Examination revealed splenomegaly 12 cm/3 cm and HB 2.5 g/dL.
Which statement is correct:
a) Patient should have emergency splenectomy
b) Patient will not have similar attack in the future
c) The incidence of these attack happens in < 10%
d) Patient should be started on hypertransfusion program for a minimum of 3 years
e) All of the above

6) 4-year-old boy presented with right testicular mass. You suspected malignancy. Patient
performed radical archiectomy, the ideal time to repeat ∝ fetoprotein level is
a) 1 day post-operative
b) 5 days post-operative
c) 14 days post-operative
d) 30 days post-operative
e) No need to repeat

7) 4 year old boy known case of hemophilia A coming to ER with first time right side knee
joint swelling in order to control bleeding at the joint, , it is necessary to raise the serum
level of factor VIII to about:
a) 1-2% of normal
b) 5-10% of normal
c) 10-25% of normal
d) 25-50% of normal
e) 75-100% of normal

8) An 18-month-old girl is being evaluated because her mother thinks her abdomen seems
“full.” Physical examination reveals an abdominal mass. Ultrasonography identifies a
solid renal mass. At surgery, a stage I Wilms tumor is found.
The child’s chance of 4-year survival is closest to:
a) 30%
b) 45%
c) 60%
d) 75%
e) 95%

9) Which of the following statements is false regarding Fanconi anemia
a) It is usually macrocytic
b) It is inherited as autosomal recessive
c) Patient will have increased HBF
d) Serum erythropoietin level is decreased
e) Diagnosis is usually made by chromosome breakage analysis

10) In hereditary spherocytosis (HS), which statement is correct?
a) The clinical severity of (HS) parallel the measured quantitative defect in spectrin
b) Diagnosis in the neonatal period is easier than later
c) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is decreased
d) Autosomal recessive inheritance
e) Direct Comb’s test (DCt) is important in diagnosis

11) 4 years old girl with the following HB electrophaesis
50% - 80% S
% - 15% F
10% - 30% A
4 % - 6% A2
The diagnosis is
a) SS α thalassemia
b) Sβ° thalassemia
c) SSβ + thalassemia
d) SS disease
e) None of the above

12) Bone marrow transplantation has become an accepted treatment for several diseases
that may be otherwise fatal. The disease in which it is LEAST indicated for the newly
diagnosed patient is
a) Severe combined immune deficiency
b) Chronic myeloid leukemia
c) Severe aplastic anemia
d) Hurler’s disease
e) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

13) Which statement is correct?
a) Bone is the most common organ affected in Langerhans cell histocytosis
b) Hyperdiploidy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a bad prognostic factor
c) Hodgkin’s disease is more common than non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in children
d) 90% of AML children reach induction of remission
e) t (15, 17) is a bad prognostic factor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

14) 6 years old boy diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. All of the following are
true regarding Tumor lysis syndrome except
a) Occurs primarily in patients with bulky β cell or Tcell leukemia
b) High potassium
c) High phosphate
d) High calcium
e) High uric acid

15) Which chromosome may be abnormal in patients with retinoblastoma?
a) 11
b) 13
c) 1
d) 16
e) None of the above

16) Bone marrow aspiration is most likely to confirm the diagnosis in a patient with
which of the following malignancies?
a) Hepatoblastoma
b) Neuroblastoma
c) Retinoblastoma
d) Rhabdomyosarcoma
e) Wilm’s tumor

17) 1 unit of random donor platelets may increase platelet count by about
a) 1,000
b) 7 ,000
c) 20,000
d) 30,000
e) 50,000

18) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is a function of all the following except:
a) Factor VIII
b) Factor VII
c) Factor X
d) Factor XI
e) Factor IX

19) All of the following are true regarding Diamond Blackfan anemia (pure red cell
aplasia) except:
a) 90% of cases present < 1 year of age
b) 25% of cases present with congenital anomalies
c) MCV > 90 μm3
d) 70% of patients respond initially to steroids
e) Hemoglobin F (for age) is low

20) All of the following can cause macrocytic anemia except:
a) Liver disease
b) Aplastic anemia
c) Sideroblastic anemia
d) Hypothyroidism
e) Down’s syndrome

Pediatric Rheumatology Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Pediatric Rheumatology Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Read the following statement and answer Q 1‐2

A 12 year old boy presented with multiple firm, painless swellings on the back and lower extremities. He has joints contractures. You have noticed these findings. Inflammatory markers are normal.

1. This boy is prone to have:

A. Atherosclerosis

B. Ankylosis of the large joints of the axial and appendicular skeleton

C. Spondylitis

D. Hypertension

E. Nephropathy

2. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Juvenile osteopetrosis

B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta

C. Mixed connective tissue disease

D. Congenital Myositis Ossificans

E. Juvenile Dermatomyositis

Read the following statement and answer Q 3‐4

You have been asked to evaluate this newborn baby boy because of this finding. He is a product of fullterm
gestation, C‐section due to fetal distress. His mother is 27‐year‐old who’s known to have
xerophthalmia, xerstomia and enlarged parotid glands. She had history of 2 abortions. She is on long term
treatment of corticosteroids and Methotrexate.

3. The most important organ needs to be examined:

A. Eyes

B. Joints

C. Heart

D. Primitive reflexes

E. Reticuloendothelial system

4. The most appropriate blood test is:

A. Anti‐Histone antibody

B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

C. Anti‐Ro/ SSA antibody

D. Anti‐double stranded DNA antibody

E. Lipid profile

Read the following statement and answer Q 5‐6

A 12‐year‐old girl known case of systemic lupus erythematosus was referred to your hospital with this finding.

5. The most relevant laboratory test result is:

A. Leukopenia

B. Prolonged partial thromboplastin time

C. Thrombocytosis

D. Hypoalbuminemia

E. Coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia

6. Accordingly, the most appropriate laboratory test:

A. Antinuclear antibody

B. Anti‐histone antibody

C. Anti‐β 2 glycoprotein I antibody

D. Anti‐double stranded DNA antibody

E. Bleeding time

7. A 10‐year‐old girl presented with this finding. She stated that, it is exacerbated by cold and

associated with tingling and numbness. The correct statement is:

A. Idiopathic Raynaud’s disease is the diagnosis

B. Similar changes can involve the tongue and toes

C. Morphea is the most likely underlying cause

D. High dose of Corticosteroids is the best effective treatment

E. Nifedipine would aggravate her symptoms

8. A 13‐ year old girl presented with shortness of breath and coughing blood. Of the following, the least likely diagnosis is:

A. Wegner’s granulomatosis

B. Microscopic polyangiitis

C. Sarcoidosis

D. Acute serum sickness

E. Idiopathic hemaosidrosis

9. The most commonly affected organ in addition to her lungs is:

A. Heart

B. Joints

C. Kidney

D. Skin

E. Gut

10. This hand‐Xray most probably belongs to a child with:

A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

B. Scleroderma

C. Wegner’s granulomatosis

D. Acute Leukemia

E. Ewing sarcoma

11. This X‐ray belongs to a boy who’s most likely have:

A. Abnormal peripheral pulses

B. Hypertension

C. Chronic headache

D. Erosive peripheral arthritis

E. Ataxia

12. Your expectation for this boy is:

A. He is at high risk for chronic arthritis

B. He would have scleroderma‐like skin

C. He would have morning stiffness

D. He would have pulmonary valve stenosis

E. He would complain of intermittent lower limb pain

13. A 5‐year‐old boy presented with history of arthritis and these findings. The most important laboratory test for the diagnosis is:

A. Antinuclear antibody

B. Rheumatoid factor

C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

D. Antistreptolysin O antibody

E. Direct coomb’s test

Read the following statement and answer Q 14‐ 15

A 10 year old boy presented with myalgia and hypertension. Skin biopsy from the lesion was consistent with erythema nodosum.

14. Your expectation for this boy is:

A. Presence of fever, night sweats and weight loss are less likely

B. Fixed lung necrotizing pneumonitis is highly expected

C. High polymorph‐nuclear leukocytes counts

D. Thrombocytopenia is a common finding

E. His disease has a self‐limited course

15. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Henoch‐Schonlein purpura

B. Cogan’s syndrome

C. Sarcoidosis

D. Polyarteritis nodosa

E. Wegener’s granulomatosis

16. A 10 year old girl referred to your hospital with chronic and exacerbations of burning pain in the feet and hands. These episodes are precipitated by heat and dependency. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Idiopathic Raynaud’s

B. Erythromelalgia

C. Arterial occlusive disease

D. Hand‐foot‐mouth syndrome

E. Systemic sclerosis

17. A 13‐ year old girl referred to your hospital because of hematuria. Three months ago, she had history of nasal blockage associated with mild swelling and pain and she ended with this finding. The incorrect statement is:

A. Churg‐Struss syndrome is one of the differential diagnosis

B. She is at risk to develop lung involvement

C. Abnormal sinus x‐ray

D. ANA is more important than ANCA

E. Renal biopsy is one of the important investigations

18. A 12‐year‐old boy presented with history of chronic arthritis. You would expect to find:

A. Frontal alopecia

B. Sacroiliac joint involvement

C. Bruit over subclavian artery

D. Hypermobile joints

E. Coxa vara

Read the following statement and answer Q 19‐ 20

A 9‐year‐old girl was referred with history of fatigability, arthritis and intermittent fever. Your examination revealed these findings.

19. The correct statement is:

A. Swimming in a sunny day is highly recommended to improve her arthritis

B. Genital ulceration is important finding to confirm the diagnosis

C. Most likely she would develop destructive arthritis

D. She is a candidate for Pneumococcal vaccine

E. The most common cause of morbidity in her case is the migraine headache

20. You would expect her laboratory test result:

A. Low total white cell counts and low lymphocyte counts

B. High white cell counts and high polymorph‐nuclear cell counts

C. Normal ESR and C‐reactive protein

D. High platelet counts

E. High complement levels

Read the following statement and answer Q 21‐ 22

A 10 year old boy referred to your hospital with 3 months history of recurrent painful lesions. Two months ago he developed these lesions on his lower extremity. He gave a history of sagital sinus thrombosis 6 months ago.

21. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Reiter’s syndrome

B. Systemic lupus erythematosus

C. Steven Johnson syndrome

D. Behcet’s disease

E. Histocytosis X

22. The most important organ needs to be examined:

A. Eyes

B. Joints

C. Gut

D. Liver

E. Heart

Read the following statement and answer Q 23‐ 24

A 7 year old girl presented with history of high spiking. The temperature rises to 39C and higher on daily or twice‐daily basis, with rapid return to baseline or below the baseline. Mother noticed that fever is almost always accompanied by this rash.

23. This rash is known as:

A. Erythema marginatum

B. Livedo reticularis

C. Salmon pink rash

D. Erythema nodosum

E. Psoriasis

24. Most likely she will have the following:

A. Prolonged PR interval

B. High white cell counts with high polymorph‐nuclear cell counts

C. Low C‐reactive protein

D. High IgM level for B. burgdorferi

E. Urine RBC casts

Read the following statement and answer Q 25‐ 27

A 6 year old boy presented with 2 months history of fatigability, recurrent severe abdominal pain and this finding.

25. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Psoriasis

B. Behcet disease

C. Systemic lupus erythematosus

D. Juvenile dermatomyositis

E. Steven Johnson syndrome

26. The most appropriate imaging study for this boy is:

A. Skeletal survey

B. Bone scan

C. Abdominal ultrasound

D. MRI of the pelvic girdle

E. Brain CT scan

27. One of the potential complications is:

A. Cardiomyopathy

B. Encephalopathy

C. Interstitial nephritis

D. Subcutaneous swellings

E. Deafness

28. The examination of the periungual skin showed this finding. The correct statement is:

A. It is normal finding

B. It is a sing of bleeding tendency

C. Most probably the patient has muscle weakness

D. You need to consult dermatologist for possible skin biopsy

E. Lower GI‐endoscopy is badly needed

Read the following statement and answer Q 29‐ 30

A 9 year old boy, who was completely healthy, presented with 4 months history of back pain. The pain is progressive and severe. Currently, he is unable to walk

29. You would like to clarify the following:

A. History of fever.

B. History of gastrointestinal bleeding.

C. History of abnormal movements.

D. History of muscle weakness.

E. History of skin rash.

30. The most likely working diagnosis is:

A. Ewing sarcoma.

B. Osteomeyelitis.

C. Fracture

D. Eosinophilic granuloma

E. Lymphoma

Read the following statement and answer Q 31‐ 33

You have been asked to evaluate this young boy, who’s presented with 8 days history of high grade fever and maculopapular skin rash. He was treated with oral antibiotic with poor response.

31. The important laboratory test is:

A. Antinuclear antibody

B. Antistreptolysin O antibody

C. Complement level

D. Serum albumin

E. Urine culture

32 Your treatment choice is:

A. Broad spectrum antibiotic intravenously to complete 10 days

B. Stop antibiotic and wait till he complete 10 days of his disease course

C. High dose of IVIG

D. High dose of IVIG and Corticosteroids.

E. High doses of IVIG and acetylsalicylic acid

33. This patient is at risk of developing:

A. Transient Uveitis

B. Septic meningitis

C. Autoimmune hepatitis

D. Proliferative glomerulonephritis

E. Endocarditis

34. An 11‐year‐old girl who’s healthy apart from intermittent lower limb pain. Your expectation is:

A. She would have elevated muscle enzymes

B. She would have abnormal bone scan

C. She is at high risk for leg length discrepancy

D. Hard insoles would relief her symptoms

E. She would have poor outcome

Read the following statement and answer Q 35‐ 36

This patient presented with this finding and history of right knee pain and swelling, 3 weeks later developed left ankle pain.

35. These findings are consistent with:

A. Henoch‐Schonlein purpura

B. Psoriatic arthritis

C. Psoriasis

D. Juvenile dermatomyositis

E. Fungal infection

36. This patient is at risk of:

A. Interstitial nephritis

B. Uveitis

C. Interstitial pneumonitis

D. Calcinosis

E. Thrombosis

37. A young boy presented with recurrent headache and high blood pressure. Work up showed this finding. You would expect that he has the following:

A. Normal renal function

B. Low ESR

C. Abnormal peripheral pulses

D. Symmetrical arthritis

E. Scleroderma‐like skin

Read the following statement and answer Q 38‐ 39

38. You have been asked to evaluate this patient who’s known to have poly‐articular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. He is on treatment. You would expect that this complication is due to:

A. The primary disease

B. High dose of corticosteroids

C. Methotrexate

D. Naproxen

E. Poor nutrition

39. This patient is expected to receive:

A. Colchicine

B. Folic acid

C. Kenalog in Orabase

D. Topical antibiotic

E. Xylocaine gel

40. The following is true about acute rheumatic fever:

A. It is the classical example of reactive arthritis

B. The second common cause of acquired heart disease in the developing countries

C. It is almost always associated with erosive arthritis

D. Scarlet fever is not enough evidence for streptococcal infection

E. The American heart association recommendation is to give long acting penicillin injection

every 3 months instead of 4 months